Hello I'm Emma from mmmEnglish!
Welcome back to another lesson about
confusing English verbs.
English verbs that are similar.
And so sometimes, it's hard to know
which one is the right one to use.
So, they might be causing you a few problems.
But don't worry, in this lesson we're going to help you
to fix those problems.
We're going to focus on the verbs 'been' and 'gone'.
Now I'm sure that you've already recognised
that these verbs are not in the infinitive form.
They're the past participle forms of the verbs
'to be' and 'to go'
which are both irregular verbs.
Now these verbs have a really close
relationship in English,
though their verb forms
don't really give you any clues about that!
Here, you can see them in past tense,
in present tense, in past participle form, together.
But in English,
the verb 'to go' has two past participle forms:
'gone' and 'been'.
The past participle form of 'be' and 'go'
can be 'been'.
And this is usually where the confusion happens.
These two verbs are very often used in similar ways
and in similar contexts
but sometimes only one of these verbs works.
The past participle form of verbs
are most commonly used in the perfect tenses,
together with the auxiliary verb, have.
So this is where you need to pay close attention
to the main verb and be clear about
which verb you're trying to use,
'to be' or 'to go'.
Firstly, let's review 'been' as the past participle of 'to be'
He's been sick for a week.
I've been exhausted since we got home.
Have you been pleased
with your performance this year?
So we use 'been' to talk about
feelings and our health but of course,
it can also be followed by the continuous verb form
as part of the
structure of the present perfect continuous
or the past perfect continuous.
They had been waiting at the wrong classroom.
But when we look at been as the past participle of 'to go'
well, obviously there are a few questions
that we need to ask.
Why are there two different forms?
Is the meaning different?
When should I use 'gone' and when should I use 'been'?
The difference in meaning is actually quite simple.
'Gone' tells us that the movement is in one direction,
away from a particular place.
'Been' tells us that the movement is in two directions,
away from a particular place and then back again.
You've returned.
They've gone, they're not here at the moment.
They've gone to the supermarket.
They're at the supermarket now, they're not here.
They've been to the supermarket.
So they're back home now.
Amy's just gone for a run, she's not here right now
but she'll be back in half an hour.
Amy's just been for a run,
she arrived home about five minutes ago.
The difference between 'been' and 'gone'
is simple to explain when you're talking about holidays.
My sister-in-law lives in Thailand, in Bangkok
so I often go there to visit her.
I've been there five times already.
Those trips are all complete. They're in the past.
She hasn't been to Australia to visit me yet though!
I'm looking for Tom. Has he already gone to Sydney?
He's already been! He got back yesterday.
Now there's a little trick to remember here.
If the trip is complete then use been,
but if the trip is still happening
and the person is not here, use gone.
Now in this video, I talked about the present perfect
and I explained that the present perfect can be used
to talk about life experience
or it can be used to talk about an unfinished action
in the past,
that is somehow affecting the present moment.
So usually, that unfinished action
started recently in the past
and is still happening in the present.
That past action is affecting the present moment.
So these grammatical differences can help you
when you're choosing whether to use 'been' or 'gone'.
So use 'been' when it's something
that happened in the past.
It's part of your life experience and it's finished.
I've been to Spain.
I'm not there now but it is part of my life experience.
If it's about life experience then 'been'
is usually the correct choice.
Now 'gone' is the one to use
when it's an unfinished action that started in the past
and affects the present moment.
My mum has gone to Spain.
She's not here now.
It's a past action that is affecting the present
and it's unfinished.
So there are some common mistakes
that English learners need to avoid
when they're choosing between 'been' and 'gone'.
So for you, don't use 'gone' when you're
talking about yourself.
I've gone to Japan.
No I haven't, because I'm right here, I'm not in Japan.
You also can't use 'gone' to talk about someone else
who is actually with you at the time of speaking.
It just doesn't make any sense.
Most of the time, ever and never are used
to talk about life experience.
So usually, they are used with 'been' instead of 'gone'.
Have you ever been to Australia?
I've never been to Russia.
Okay, so are you ready to practise a little with me?
You need to choose 'been' or 'gone'.
Tim has ... to Melbourne for the weekend.
He'll be back on Monday.
What do you think?
Which verb is the correct verb?
Tim has gone to Melbourne for the weekend.
He'll be back on Monday.
He's not here right now so he hasn't returned yet.
He's still there, he's still in Melbourne.
Has your dad ever .... to India with you?
Has your dad ever been to India with you?
We're talking about life experience here,
so we would probably choose 'been'.
Jessica has ... to the supermarket already.
She bought some fruit for our picnic tomorrow.
Which one is it?
Been or gone.
Jessica has been to the supermarket already.
She's bought some fruit for our picnic tomorrow.
It must be 'been' because we know what she bought
so she must have come back from the supermarket
and told us.
Okay well I hope that that lesson was useful for you
Just remember that 'been' is used to talk about
life experience, about trips and events
and things that have happened in the past
but are not still happening now.
And 'gone' is used to talk about a current trip or event
when someone is somewhere else,
they haven't returned yet.
If you enjoyed this lesson, make sure you subscribe
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you'll find out as soon as it's ready for you.
Right now, you should
probably check out this lesson right here,
about the present perfect so that you can practise
what you've already learnt in this lesson.
Or you can check out some other lessons right here.
Thanks for watching and I'll see you again next week.
Bye for now.