(bright music)
- Hello, lovely students.
And welcome back to English with Lucy.
Today I have a grammar lesson for you.
We're going to talk about one of the most common mistakes
that I hear English learners make.
We are going to look at descriptive adjectives
that end in ED and ING.
I am excited, or I am exciting.
It is tired, or it is tiring.
It might sound simple or easy,
but lots of students get this wrong.
So it's really important
that you learn the differences and you practise.
Before we get started, there is a free PDF
and exercise pack that goes with this lesson.
It contains the full PDF summary
of everything we discuss in the lesson today,
along with extra examples and a quiz.
You can take the exercise questions
to test your understanding
and make sure you've properly understood the lesson.
If you'd like to download the free PDF and exercise pack,
click on the link in the description box.
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Right, let's get started with the lesson.
Firstly, I'd like to review adjectives.
Adjectives are words used to describe a noun.
They can describe size, colour,
amount, feeling, et cetera.
Take a look at this basic sentence: I have a car.
We can add in some adjectives to paint a better picture
for the reader or the listener.
I have a red car.
Or maybe we'll use multiple adjectives.
I have a large, red, Italian car.
Perhaps some of you knew that information
but it never hurts to review.
But now let's move on to the interesting bit.
Or is it the interested bit?
Let's start by looking at ED adjectives.
And when I'm talking about ED adjectives,
these are adjectives that end with ED:
tired, interested, excited, and so on.
Simply put, ED adjectives are used
to describe how a person feels.
I am bored.
She is tired.
We were amazed.
They are pleased.
Now in all of these sentences,
if we replace the B verb with the verb to feel,
it will still make sense.
I feel bored.
She feels tired.
We felt amazed.
They feel pleased.
We can also use ED adjectives when we use the prepositions
by, with, and in to explain
why a person feels a certain way.
I was entertained by the dancer's performance.
The dancer's performance is what entertained me.
He was impressed with the plans for the new building.
The plans for the new building are
what caused him to feel impressed.
They were interested in my new book.
My new book is what caused them to be interested.
It's important to note that we only use ED adjectives
when we're describing people and animals.
Why?
Well, we're the only ones that can feel.
A table cannot feel, a show cannot feel,
but people and animals can feel.
A person can be interested
but a table cannot be interested.
An animal can feel scared
but a car cannot feel scared.
Right, so we know that ED adjectives are used
to describe people and animals and their feelings.
What about ING adjectives?
ING adjectives are used
to describe how something makes someone feel.
- ING adjectives do not describe a feeling.
They describe how something makes someone feel.
The something can be a person,
animal, place, thing, object, book.
The someone: a person or an animal.
Let's take a closer look.
I've been watching a new TV series recently
and it hasn't really caught my attention.
It's rather slow.
It's rather dull.
If I wanted to use an adjective to describe this TV series
which should I use: bored or boring?
Let's first think about what I'm trying to describe.
I'm trying to describe a show.
Can a show feel?
No, it's not a person.
It's not an animal.
We know we use ED adjectives to describe a feeling,
so we can't use bored here.
The show is boring.
Boring makes sense because we use ING adjectives
to describe the way something like a show makes someone
like me feel.
Let's use it in a sentence.
The new show I'm watching is really boring.
A perfect sentence if I do say so myself.
So ING adjectives are used
to describe how something makes someone feel.
So if the show I'm watching is boring,
I can describe myself as bored.
I am bored because I'm watching a boring show.
Let's try a couple more examples
and see if you can get them first.
His speech was really interesting or interested.
Which one?
I'll give you five seconds.
(timer beeping) (timer playing happy tune)
It's interesting.
We're describing a speech.
It can't feel so we use the ING adjective interesting.
What about this one?
The meal was really,
it made me feel.
Where does satisfying go
and where does satisfied go?
I'll give you five seconds.
(timer beeping) (timer playing happy tune)
The meal was really satisfying.
It made me feel satisfied.
So the key takeaway here is
that ING adjectives describe the thing
that makes someone feel a certain way,
while ED adjectives describe the feeling.
Let's practise together.
I'll say a sentence and then I'll ask you a question.
Ready?
She was confused whilst watching the movie.
Based on her feeling,
how would we describe the movie?
We would describe the movie as confusing.
It was a confusing movie because it made her feel confused.
Let's try another one.
Mary was tired after the long drive.
Based on how Mary feels, how can we describe the drive?
We can describe the drive as tiring.
Tiring.
We know that the long drive was tiring
because Mary was tired.
Right, that's it for today's lesson.
I hope it cleared up some of your doubts
about ING adjectives and ED adjectives.
Now it's time to put what you've learned into practise
and check your understanding to make sure
that you really do understand it,
that it hasn't been confusing for you,
and it hasn't left you feeling confused.
The free lesson PDF has got lots more examples
and it's got a quiz
so you can take the exercise questions
and make sure it's all in here.
If you'd like to download the PDF,
just click on the link in the description box.
You enter your name and your email address
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of my new lesson PDFs
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Don't forget to connect with me on all of my social media.
I've got my Instagram page, EnglishwithLucy.
I've got my personal Instagram page, just @Lucy.
I've also got my vlogging channel, Lucy Bella
where you can watch fully subtitled vlogs
of our life here in the English countryside.
And you can use those vlogs
for listening practise and to expand your vocabulary.
You can also visit my website englishwithlucy.co.uk
where I've got a fantastic pronunciation tool.
You can click on the phonemes
and hear how they're pronounced
and hear me say words containing those phonemes and sounds.
I will see you soon for another lesson.
Bye. (lips smacking)
I use to describe,
I was entertained by the persons.
I was entertained by the performers.
Think about what I'm atriving,
atriving, hmm.
Lest, lest?
Ready?
What was the question?
(bright music)