so another problem I have with this video is the way these black holes look so it's
a little bit inaccurate and you might think hey this looks like the supermassive black hole out
of uh Interstellar right well guess what they were wrong in interstellar as well g'day guys
welcome back if you're new around here my name is Dylan just put a PhD in physics on hold to
create some fun things and one of those things AI my interior is now out you should come check it
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almost there loving this channel as of late let me know down under what you want me to watch next
Jupiter oh look at this okay so hypothetical black hole
swash out right it's what are you looking at okay they maybe should have had like a little just a
few words to explain so the small Shard radius basically if you squash a piece of matter to
below its washed out radius it's going to collapse into a black hole so if you squash the Earth down
to the size of a peanut you're going to get a black hole if you squish the sun down to about
a size of a small town 2.9 kilometers you're gonna get a black hole everyone who has mass
actually has a small Shard radius so if you don't click the Subscribe button and come check out AI
my interior I'm going to turn you into a black hole I will do it if you've ever wanted to turn
another human into a black hole or yourself all you got to do is Squish yourself down to
about 10 to the negative 25 meters and you would actually become a black hole that's smaller than
a neutrino by the way and you'd actually you'd only get like one g of gravitational force uh if
you got closer than like 0.02 millimeters should be noted that a black hole of about 75 kilograms
would evaporate via Hawking radiation in about 3.5 times 10 to the negative 11 seconds as a rough
approximation you're looking at 75 kilograms being effectively E equals MC squared all at once so
you're looking at an explosion several times the size of the Tsar bomber for reference Hiroshima
and Nagasaki both only had about one gram of mass converter to energy you're looking at 75
000 times that much energy released and anybody nearby who isn't wearing SPF 5000 sunscreen is
going to have a really bad day hypothetical uh I'm guessing because they're just putting in here
but also because we've never found black holes of this size okay uh the smallest black holes we've
found are like three solar masses so three times the size three times the mass of the Sun okay and
um you know that's actually also the closest black hole we've ever seen
um there's lots of recent news on this we thought we found one at like thousand light years away um
a couple years ago but that's now thought to maybe not be a black hole and then really recently Gaia
has spotted two new black holes the other weird thing about this new black hole which is about 15
100 light years away is it's actually not orbiting very close to the star it's companion star which
is not what we you know we'd never seen anything like this and so now we're excited with Gaia
there's going to be a lot more you know data soon to actually look at all these Stars we thought
didn't have black holes and see if we can detect this really tiny bit of wobble um anyway Yap it on
maybe I can explain what the Schwarz child radius is in a
little more detail in a minute okay but let's watch this there it is the Sun
also another thing to say is black holes won't actually look like this that's you know
if that's what you thought well
why won't it look like this well um you know they will look similar but generally they will
have like a photon ring and other things so Google that if you want to know what that is
so we get a much bigger here 11.2 kilometers 3.8 solar masses so that there you go there's
a real one that is not I don't believe uh the one I was talking about signo
where's cygnus I named my cat after a black hole cygnus used to be the closest black hole I'm
pretty sure it's the one that uh Stephen Hawking and uh Kip Thorn had that wager on Captain was
the guy wrote that book over there by the way it's a legend they also won a Nobel Prize now
1300 solo masses okay we're getting quite large now so the interesting thing to note
here is like how much mass is in this thing but how small it is right look it's still
smaller than the earth but it has 1300 times the mass of our sun and the sun you
could fit 1300 of these no sorry what am I saying 1.3 million of these in the Sun
it's just hard to wrap your head around I love how they're showing like some kind of
accretion disc now but even this is wrong because there would still be like a photon ring Jupiter
Sun
this guy always makes beautiful videos as well as the size of a black hole defined by
this Warsaw radius relates to its mass to only by acquiring more mass that a supermassive black
hole will grow larger as a greater mass means space-time is curved over a larger
area so you've got to note though that you know this Wars child radius doesn't denote an actual
surface but the area Beyond which space-time is curved to such a degree that the escape Velocity
exceeds the speed of light in in other words you know there is so much mass in such a small
volume that the gravitational force curves space time to such an extent that not even
light can escape her light is reflected and this is why a black hole is black
secretaries hey so this is the supermassive black hole the center of our Milky Way our
very own supermassive black hole and is there anything different between these and the other
ones you've seen no there isn't um they're just much bigger all right so basically if you bring
black holes together they all just grow in Mass you feed them to each other bigger black hole
that's that's that's the only difference um I mean there is actual differences as in like
the Hawking radiation is substantially different but what I'm talking about is in what they are
we don't think they're different however I've got to be careful with what I'm saying here because
we really don't understand what black holes are Beyond The Event Horizon we model them the same
way they should they look like they behave in a similar way and so what you're seeing here is if
you watched Interstellar right um You might have been confused by this whole thing we're not going
to talk about it too much but I'm sure you heard how like you know this thing has so much gravity
it's warping space time and you're literally this Photon ring you know you're sorry you've seen
the accretion disc being bent from the other side because you know this is the fabric of space-time
is just literally being warped completely yeah and look it's it's doing something called uh
frame dragging it's literally dragging the fabric of space-time around with it so it's like you know
if you get too close here you're not just gonna be pulled into an orbit space time itself is
going to get Warped that means your time is going to get Warped and your space I'm getting killed
yeah a lot of things kill you in the universe not a lot of things in the universe can like
change your time that sounds weird right obviously inevitably your time is getting changed but I mean
like it shifts your time so much it like drags you into Infinity and so I guess you know if
you want to live forever go jump into a black hole because you might have heard you know depending on
your reference frame if you're someone watching someone fall into a black hole well you could
just last forever but if you're the one falling into the black hole you know that's a it's a very
different story there's a paradox here you know we've talked about this in many videos I think
there's a video we've done on this the black hole information Paradox um so go check that one out
and you see well I can't even speak we're getting pretty large right now
so we're at a million solar masses they get much bigger
so Earth's orbit and this thing now is wider
and you remember from before how uh you know even a small black hole like it wasn't even as
large as Earth and it had all that Mass so this thing now has 10 million 70 million solar masses
so the changing color again is just silly uh also Andromeda right we used to think
Andromeda was a much bigger Galaxy than the Milky Way for for a long time like
twice as big we now think it's about the same size okay so that's got to be said
all right they're changing color again Neptune's orbit
Beautiful video though heal your paws this has to do with the solar system the size of the
solar system Hercules a you guys might have seen that we discovered a new gargantuan black hole
recently 30 billion times the mass of the Sun but via a completely new technique which is awesome
they use the technique known as gravitational lensing it's where you take a nearby Galaxy and
it's it's used as like a giant magnifying glass to bend the light from a more distant object
oh we're getting very big now so what are we at 10 to the 10 solar masses so we're at 10 billion
so we're nearly at the limit Tom 618. so there he is the big boy or big girl uh so yes we're at
we're in the billions there's the biggest 66 billion solar masses that's completely
unimaginable but if you didn't know Tom 618 the name is actually uh ton Ancilla that ton is short
so they should probably put the the actual name there why is it San Angelo it's because it has
nothing to do with tarantulas or Godzilla they just saw this thing at ton in Salah I can't even
pronounce it always correctly uh observatory in Mexico so another problem I have with this
video is the way these black holes look so it's a little bit inaccurate and you might think hey this
looks like the supermassive black hole out of uh Interstellar right well guess what they were wrong
in interstellar as well they actually should look like this close-up Kip Thorne actually said they
simplified it a lot for the sake of keeping it from being visually confusing as correct
frequency shifting uh resulted in this rendering which was asymmetric and pretty weird looking and
they thought it would be too confusing to serve the store storytelling which I you know I agree
with but to be honest I think this one looks even cooler I wish they just used this one let me tell
you this fun little thing about black holes in the universe before we finish you might have
heard that since the event horizon or this washed out radius of the universe is precisely equal to
the radius of the universe you know does that mean that we're living inside a black hole first of all
the fact that the radius of the visible Universe coincides with the schwarzstyled radius of the
visible universe is it's not it's no coincidence right they're governed by the same equations you
know Einstein's field equations for gravity uh so it shouldn't come as a surprise that
a simple calculation yields either identical values or values that differ only by a small
rational Factor however these two cases are just fundamentally different nonetheless because the
Schwarz child solution is a spherically symmetric static not changing in time vacuum solution as we
say the Friedman LA Metro Robertson Walker f l r w solution that characterizes our space-time you
know that describes a cosmos that's filled with matter homogeneous which means the same everywhere
isotropic which means there's no preferred Direction but evolving with time also in some
hypotheses our universe has a past Singularity the Big Bang Singularity rang and um you know
in contrast the interior Schwarz child black hole solution is characterized by a future singularity
so at best our Cosmos might be similar to a Time reversed black hole AKA schwarzchild white hole
solution but even that analogy is imperfect because as I've already said this washed out
radius solution is a static vacuum solution whereas the flrw universe contains matter and
changes with time so hopefully that clears up that question because I see it everywhere
anyway make sure you subscribe come check out Ami interior and I'll see you guys tomorrow night