If you've ever heard of Jesus of Nazareth,
you probably know he was a famous teacher.
And his most well-known words have shaped the lives
of billions of people throughout history.
"Love your neighbor as yourself." "Do to others
what you would have them do to you."
Now, those sayings come from a collection
of Jesus' teaching
that is sometimes called the Sermon on the Mount.
It's only three chapters long, but its ideas
and images have endured throughout time.
"You are the salt of the earth."
"You can't serve both God and money."
"Take the plank out of your eye
before you take the speck out of another's."
In the sermon are some really challenging teachings.
"If anyone strikes you on the cheek, turn
and offer him the other cheek."
"Love your enemy, and bless those who persecute you."
- And there are also some really puzzling teachings.
"If your hand causes you to sin, cut it off?"
But the Sermon on the Mount is not a random collection
of Jesus' teachings.
They've been organized in a beautiful way so
that it's easier to remember and meditate on.
There are three main parts of the sermon, the middle
of which has three parts,
and then each of those middle parts themselves
have three parts.
Wow. The sermon has been carefully designed.
Yes. And right at the center
of the center is the famous prayer
that Jesus taught his followers.
"Our Father in Heaven, may your name be treated as holy.
May your Kingdom come,
may your will be done on Earth as it is in Heaven."
Well, what does that mean for God's
Kingdom to come on Earth?
Well, we have to remember that Jesus was Jewish,
and he grew up meditating on the Hebrew Bible,
the sacred Scriptures of Israel.
And they told the story of God and all humanity.
How God created a well-ordered world
and appointed humans to rule it on his behalf.
And when humans rule with God's wisdom and love,
and when justice and peace prevail,
and there's enough for everyone, that is God's Kingdom
and God's will being done here on Earth as it is in Heaven.
And that's no easy task. Humans foolishly rebel
and start building their own kingdoms by their own wisdom.
And so God chose one family, the Israelites,
and he offered them his wisdom.
It was called the Torah, which in Hebrew means "the teaching."
And beginning with Moses on Mount Sinai,
God entered into a sacred covenant with them.
Why only select one family?
Well, the goal was for the Israelites to be transformed
by God's wisdom so that they could represent God's Kingdom
before all the nations.
But in Jesus' day, God's Kingdom was nowhere to be seen.
In fact, Israel was under the thumb of Roman oppressors.
So what happened? Why isn't God's Kingdom coming?
Well, many religious leaders, like the scribes
and the Pharisees, they thought it wasn't coming
because Israel wasn't being faithful enough to the Torah.
Other leaders, called the Sadducees, thought it would be best
if Israel found a way to cooperate with Rome.
And so they became the power brokers of Jesus' day.
Some ran for the hills
to become freedom fighters against Rome.
They're known as the zealots.
And still others withdrew to the desert, waiting for God
to use them to start a new Israel.
But walk around the hill country of Israel like Jesus did,
and you'll mostly find normal people
figuring out their lives as best they can.
Most were barely hanging on, lots of poor and sick people.
Many had lost their land to the Roman occupiers
and were struggling to pay the heavy taxes.
They were powerless and hopeless.
And so Jesus went to these people, healing the sick
and announcing that God's Kingdom was arriving.
People gathered from all over to hear his teachings.
And one day, Jesus went up to a tall hill
and said the arrival of God's Kingdom was starting here
and now with them.
You mean with the powerless, the weak,
the nobodies? God's Kingdom begins here?
Yes. This is why the very first line
of the Sermon on the Mount is "blessed are
the poor in spirit."
In other words, where can you go and see God's presence
and blessing springing to life?
Among the rich? Among the powerful?
No, Jesus says. Look where people are poor,
where they feel crushed and defeated.
God's Kingdom is beginning
with the people standing right here.
The Sermon on the Mount has an intentional design.
It begins with Jesus pronouncing
several blessings on his listeners.
And those blessings are what we are going to look at next.